Thursday, December 16, 2010

Chemistry

Q.  Why does a liquid remain hot or cold for a long time inside a thermos flask?
A.  The presence of air, a poor conductor of heat, between the double glass wall of a thermos flask, keeps the liquid hot or cold inside a flask for a long time.
Q.  Why is it recommended to add salt to water while boiling dal?
A.  By addition of salt, the boiled point of water gets raised which helps in cooking the dal sooner.
Q.  Why do some liquid burn while others do not?
A.  A liquid burns if its molecules can combine with oxygen in the air with the production of heat. Hence, oil burns but water does not.
Q.  What chemical is represented by the symbol Sn?
A.  Tin
Q.  During digestion Proteins are broken into what?
A.  Amino Acids
Q.  Which alloy is used for making air-crafts?
A.  Duralumin
Q.  How harmful is caffeine?
A.  Caffeine is a type of chemical, known as an alkaloid, which occurs in several kinds of plant. Biologists do not fully understand why plants such as coffee and tea make caffeine, but one theory is that it has evolved as a natural herbicide to help growing shrubs overcome competing plants. The effects of caffeine vary. Women retain caffeine in their body for much longer when they are pregnant, where as smokers eliminate caffeine twice as quickly as non-smokers.

The most noticeable effect is to stimulate the nervous system; people whop are sensitive to caffeine will certainly sleepless if they drink ordinary coffee before going to bed. However, the body can become habituated to caffeine and many regular coffee drinkers can take a cup or two in the evening without their sleep being disturbed. Other physiological effects of caffeine include stimulating the production of urine and susceptible to irregular heart rhythms and palpitation find that these are triggered by caffeine.

Caffeine dose not accumulate in the body, so its effects are short-lived. But it has been accused at one time or another of contributing to most of the serious health problems of the 20th century, including heart disease, cancer and birth defects.
Q.  Presence of bicarbonates of Calcium and Magnesium in water leads to
A.  Temporary hardness of water
Q.  Stainless steel contains
A.  Ans : Iron, Chromium and Nickel
Q.  White phosphorus is stored under
A.  Water
Q.  Which gas comes in third position in volume in atmosphere after Nitrogen & Oxygen?
A.  Argon
Q.  Amalgam is an alloy in which one of the compound is
A.  Mercury
Q.  Atomic number is equal to
A.  Number of protons
Q.  Which is the anti-knocking compound used in petrol in order to enhance the capacity of petrol engine?
A.  Tetra Ethyl Lead
Q.  "Aqua Regia" is a mixture of
A.  Hydrochloric acid and Nitric acid
Q.  The chief chemical component of pearl is
A.  Calcium carbonate
Q.  Global warming is due to increased production of all the following, except
A.  Carbon dioxide
Q.  Which acid is present in lemon
A.  Citric acid
Q.  Brass is an alloy of copper and
A.  Zinc
Q.  The hardest natural substance known in the world is
A.  Diamond
Q.  Permanent hardness of water may be removed by the addition of
A.  Sodium carbonate
Q.  Which is Vinegar?
A.  Acetic acid
Q.  Which of the following gas is used in cigarette lighters?
A.  Butane
Q.  Baking Soda is also known as
A.  Sodium bicarbonate
Q.  Bond order of a molecule can be at the maximum of
A.  3
Q.  Neutral molecules in which one of the carbon atoms has six valence electrons are called
A.  Carbenes
Q.  Which of the following is non-radioactive?
A.  Deuterium
Q.  Which of the following is a thermo setting plastic?
A.  PVC
Q.  By which process, Octane number of petroleum can be increased?
A.  Atomization
Q.  Atoms of the same element having the same atomic numbers but different atomic weights are called
A.  Isotopes
Q.  What is the main constituent of soap?
A.  Sodium hydroxide
Q.  Name a fertilizer that contain maximum amount of Nitrogen
A.  Urea
Q.  Which compound is called oil of wintergreen?
A.  Methyl Salicylate
Q.  What is alum?
A.  Potassium Aluminium Silicate
Q.  A minute amount of radio isotope is called
A.  Tracer
Q.  Name an alloy of copper, antimony and tin
A.  Babbitt metal
Q.  Which is the most commonly used bleaching agent?
A.  Chlorine
Q.  What is the main component of egg shell?
A.  Calcium carbonate
Q.  Which type of fire extinguisher is used for extinguishing petroleum fire?
A.  Powder type
Q.  The purest form of carbon is
A.  Diamond
Q.  A substance which can react chemically as either an acid or a base is known as
A.  Amphoteric
Q.  Give an example for a Tribasic acid
A.  Phosphoric acid
Q.  38. What is "White Vitriol"?
A.  Zinc Sulfate
Q.  Which among the following element is stored under water?
A.  White Phosphorous
Q.  Cyanide Process is widely used to extract
A.  Gold
Q.  What is commonly known as "Blue vitriole"?
A.  Copper sulfate
Q.  Fluorspar is the ore of
A.  Calcium
Q.  The gas used in refrigerators and ice plants is
A.  Ammonia
Q.  Carbon monoxide is readily absorbed by
A.  Nickel
Q.  Synthetic ethanol is produced by reacting ethane (in the presence of phosphoric acid) with
A.  Hydrogen
Q.  What is called in the bond between two amino acids in protein
A.  Peptide bond
Q.  Which metal remains in liquid form at normal temperature?
A.  Mercury
Q.  Common salt (Sodium Chloride) when kept open absorbs moisture from air. This is due to the presence of
A.  Magnesium Chloride
Q.  The movement or growth of an organism or part of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus
A.  Chemotropism
Q.  Chemistry in ancient times was called
A.  Alchemy
Q.  Name a food material which contains phosphorus
A.  Onion
Q.  Usually, base changes the colour of litmus from
A.  Red to Blue
Q.  Who discovered penicillin
A.  Alexander Fleming
Q.  What radioactive element is extracted from carnotite and pitchblende?
A.  Uranium.
Q.  What color does litmus turn when dipped into acid?
A.  Pink.
Q.  What is arginine?
A.  An amino acid obtained by animals from their diet

Biology

Q.  Which genes on activation cause Cancer?
A.  Oncogenes
Q.  The bacteria that causes “Anthrax “disease, lives in the form of spores(able to cause infection):
A.  For 30—40 years.
Q.  Inability to sleep is termed as
A.  Insomnia
Q.  Normal respiratory rate in adults is
A.  16-20/min
Q.  One gram of carbohydrate yields
A.  4 calories
Q.  The nerve which carries messages from the brain and spinal cord muscles and glands
A.  Motor nerve
Q.  In Which month of Age, Eruption of teeth starts?
A.  6
Q.  Total number of bones in human body
A.  206
Q.  The following are the contents of ORS, except
A.  Calcium Carbonate
Q.  Protein requirement for a pregnant woman per day
A.  55gm
Q.  Radio active cobalt and radium are used for the treatment of which diseases?
A.  Cancer
Q.  How many times a healthy person can donate blood in a year?
A.  Three or Four
Q.  The cells that are responsible for the production of antibodies are
A.  White blood cells
Q.  Which is the immunity get by the body after the first attack of disease
A.  Acquired immunity
Q.  Which is an example for the disease caused by bacteria
A.  Typhoid
Q.  Typhoid is transmitted through
A.  Water and food
Q.  The disease that spread through sexual contact is
A.  AIDS
Q.  Drinking of alcohol will severely affects the
A.  Liver
Q.  Average weight of a new born baby
A.  3kg
Q.  How many drops in One ml?
A.  15
Q.  How much ml in one teaspoon?
A.  5ml
Q.  Drugs used to relieve pain
A.  Analgesics
Q.  Incubation period of measles
A.  7-14 days
Q.  Mode of transmission of typhoid fever
A.  Oro facial
Q.  Route of transmission of Hepatitis-B
A.  Potential (parental)
Q.  Name the oral Polio vaccine
A.  Sabin
Q.  Heart attack is caused mainly due to
A.  Cholesterol
Q.  Another name of Vitamin C
A.  Ascorbic Acid
Q.  The heart is covered by a membrane called
A.  Pericardium
Q.  Bird Flu, is a type of
A.  Influenza
Q.  The causative agent of Tetanus is
A.  Clostridium tetani
Q.  Gonorrhea is a sexual disease caused by a bacterium called
A.  Neisseria gonorrhea
Q.  Bordetella pertussis is a bacterium caused
A.  Whooping cough (Pertussis)
Q.  Diphtheria in man is caused by
A.  Corynebacterium diphtheria
Q.  German measles is caused by
A.  Rubella virus
Q.  Common cold is caused by the infection of
A.  Rhinovirus
Q.  Influenza is caused by a virus called
A.  Myxovirus
Q.  The organism which cause cholera is
A.  Vibrio cholera (Bacterium)
Q.  A disease which is always present at a low level in a given population or region is called
A.  Endemic
Q.  An epidemic (disease) which spreads across whole continents is called
A.  Pandemic
Q.  The time during which a person is capable of passing the disease on to another person
A.  Infective period
Q.  The excess of carbohydrate is converted into Glycogen by
A.  Liver
Q.  Anemic patient is deficient of which element
A.  Iron
Q.  Malaria affects
A.  Spleen
Q.  Toxoid serum is used in the treatment of
A.  Diphtheria
Q.  The blood group which contain no antibodies is
A.  AB
Q.  Oxygenation is the main function of which organ
A.  Lungs
Q.  What is known as the "Juvenile hormone"?
A.  Thymosin
Q.  Which vitamin is also called "Retinol"?
A.  Vitamin A
Q.  The transportation of oxygen to the cells in the body is performed by
A.  Hemoglobin
Q.  The gastric juice in the stomach contains
A.  Hydrochloric acid
Q.  Bone is used as a fertilizer because it contains
A.  Phosphorous
Q.  Name the product obtained by the destructive distillation of wood
A.  Charcoal
Q.  What organ of a buffalo did Plains Indians use to make yellow paint?
A.  The gallbladder.
Q.  What sticky sweetener was traditionally used as an antiseptic ointment for cuts and burns?
A.  Honey.
Q.  What can mutagens cause?
A.  Mutations.
Q.  The most effective pesticide for general use against most garden pests is?
A.  Malathion

Bacteria Or Virus

Q.  What is ‘Hit and Hide Virus’
A.  RSV Virus
Q.  What are the viruses and bacteria?
A.  Viruses and bacteria are the smallest living things. Viruses have no cell walls and can only work properly inside the cells of other living organisms. Bacteria are larger than viruses and can exist by themselves.

A virus is made up of a protean coat wrapped around a small amount of DNA or RNA. It can reproduce itself but only when it is inside a living cell. Versus are, there fore, on the borderline between living and non-living things. When they invade cells they usually cause disease.

Bacteria are tiny, single-celled organisms. Some are round, others are rod-shaped and some even look like cork-screws. Some bacteria cause disease but many other are useful. A large number feed by breaking down dead plant and animal matter. They release chemicals into the soil that can be used by plants.

Air Or Gas

Q.  Why is cooking quicker in a pressure cooker?
A.  As the pressure inside the cooker increases, the boiling point of water is raised, hence, the cooking process is quicker.
Q.  Why are ventilators in a room always made near the roof?
A.  The hot air being lighter in weight tends to rise above and escape from the ventilators at the top. This allows the cool air to come in the room to take its place.
Q.  Why does a balloon filled with hydrogen rise in the air?
A.  Weight of hydrogen is less than the weight of air displaced by it. In balloons hydrogen is normally filled because it is lighter than air.
Q.  Why does smoke curl up in the air?
A.  Smoke contains hot gases which being lighter in weight, follows a curved path because of the eddy currents that are set up in the air.
Q.  Why does an electric bulb explode when it is broken?
A.  The bulb encompasses partial vacuum and as it breaks, air rushes in causing a small explosion.
Q.  If a lighted paper is introduced in a jar of carbon dioxide, its flame extinguishes. Why?
A.  Because carbon dioxide does not help in burning. For burning, oxygen is required.
Q.  Why is it dangerous to have charcoal fire burning in a closed room?
A.  When charcoal burns it produces carbon monoxide which is suffocating and can cause death.
Q.  Why is it easier to lift a heavy object under water than in air?
A.  Because when a body is immersed in water, it experiences an upward thrust (Archimedes? Principle) and loses weight equal to the weight of the water displaced by its immersed potion, and hence, is easier to lift objects.
Q.  If a highly pumped up bicycle tyre is left in the hot sunlight, it bursts. Why?
A.  The air inside the tube increases in volume when heated up. As sufficient space for the expansion of the air is not available because the tube is already highly pumped, it may result in bursting of the tyre.
Q.  Why are the mountains cooler than plains?
A.  Air on the mountains is less dense so it absorbs less heat.
Q.  Which gas is essential to sustain life on earth?
A.  Oxygen
Q.  Who discovered oxygen?
A.  Joseph Priestly discovered oxygen, the colorless, odorless, gaseous chemical element forming about 20 percent of the Earth’s atmosphere in 1774.
Q.  Which is the lightest gas next to Hydrogen
A.  Helium
Q.  The number of molecules contained in 1mole of a gas is called
A.  Avogadro number
Q.  Hydrogen was discovered by
A.  Cavendish
Q.  What continent is subjected to the world's largest ozone hole?
A.  Antarctica.

Sea

Q.  The lowest point on earth is
A.  The coastal area of Dead sea
Q.  The largest ocean of the world is the
A.  Pacific ocean
Q.  Why is it easier to swim in the sea than in a river?
A.  The density of sea water is higher; hence the up thrust is more than that of river water.
Q.  Why does a ship rise as it enters the sea from a river?
A.  The density of sea water is high due to impurities and salts compared to river water as a result; the upthurst produced by the sea water on the ship is more than that of river water.
Q.  Into which sea does the River Jordan flow?
A.  Dead Sea
Q.  The Crimean Peninsular juts into which sea?
A.  The Black Sea
Q.  Which canal connects Baltic Sea and North sea?
A.  Keil Canal
Q.  In which sea Sunda Trench Lies?
A.  Indian Ocean
Q.  Which is the Largest Ocean?
A.  Pacific
Q.  Which is the country with longest coastline in the world?
A.  Canada.
Q.  Which is the largest bay in the world?
A.  Hudson Bay, Canada.
Q.  Which is the smallest ocean in the world?
A.  The Artic Ocean is the smallest ocean in the world with a total surface area of 5,105,700 sq. miles.
Q.  What is Bermuda Triangle?
A.  The triangular sea area between Bermuda, Florida and Puerto Rico is called the Bermuda Trianglewhere the currents are very strong. The area gained notoriety in the 1960s on account of the mysterious disappearance of numerous ships and aircraft without any trace of wreckage.
Q.  Which is the Largest Ocean
A.  Pacific
Q.  Java island is in which ocean
A.  Indian Ocean