Monday, April 11, 2011

World Time

World Time



Hours fast (+) or slow (-) on Greenwich Mean Time (clock time); where summer time (which is normally +1 on the hour shown) is observed the hour is marked with (*)
   
Afghanistan+ 4½
Albania+ 1*
AlgeriaGMT
Andorra+ 1
Angola+ 1
Antigua- 4
Argentina- 3
Australia
• New South Wales
Tasmania, Victoria
• Queensland
• South Australia
• Northern Territory
• Western Australia


+ 10*
+ 10
+ 9½
+ 9½
+ 8
Austria+ 1
Bahamas+ 5*
Bahrain+ 3
Bangladesh+ 6
Barbados- 4
Belgium+ 1*
Belize- 6
Benin+ 1
Bermuda- 4*
Bhutan+ 6
Bolivia- 4
Bosnia & Herzegovina+ 1
Botswana+ 2
Brazil
• East
• West
• Acre

- 2
- 4
- 5
Brunei+ 8
Bulgaria+ 2
Burkina FasoGMT
Burundi+ 2
Cambodia+ 7
Cameroon+ 1
Canada
• Newfoundland
• Atlantic
• Eastern
• Central
• Mountain
• Pacific
• Yukon-Whitehorse and Wastson Lake
• Dawson City

- 3½
- 4*
- 5*
- 6*
- 7*
- 8*

-8*
-9
Cape Verde- 1
Cayman Islands- 5
Central African Republic+ 1
Chad+ 1
Chile- 4*
China+ 8
Colombia- 5
Moscow+ 3
Omsk+ 6
Vladivostok+ 10
Anadyr+13
Congo (formerly Zaire)
Congo, Republic of+ 1
Costa Rica- 6
Croatia+ 1
Cuba- 5*
Cyprus
• North
• South

+ 2*
+ 2
Czech Republic+ 1
Denmark+ 1
Djibouti+ 3
Dominica- 4
Dominican Republic- 4
Ecuador- 5
Egypt+ 2*
El Salvador- 6
Equatorial Guinea+ 1
Ethiopia+ 3
Fiji+ 12
Finland+ 2
France+ 1*
Gabon+ 1
GambiaGMT
Germany+ 1
GhanaGMT
Gibraltar+ 1
Greece+ 2*
GuineaGMT
Guinea-BissauGMT
Guyana- 3
Haiti- 5
Honduras- 6
Hong Kong+ 8*
Hungary+ 1
IcelandGMT
India+ 5½
Indonesia : Java+ 7
Iran+ 3½
Iraq+ 3
IrelandGMT*
Israel+ 2*
Italy+ 1*
Jamaica- 5*
Japan+ 9
Jordan+ 2*
Kenya+ 3
Korea (North)+ 9
Korea (South)+ 9
Kuwait+ 3
Laos+ 7
Lebanon+ 2*
Lesotho+ 2
LiberiaGMT
Libya+ 1
Liechtenstein+ 1
Luxembourg+ 1*
Macao+ 8
Macedonia+ 1
Madagacar+ 3
Malagasy Repulic+ 3
Malawi+ 2
Malaysia
• West
• Sabah, Sarawak

+ 7½
+ 8
Maldives+ 5
MaliGMT
Malta+ 1*
MauritaniaGMT
Mauritius+ 4
Mexico : Mexico City- 6
Monaco+ 1*
Mongolia+ 8
Montserrat- 4
MoroccoGMT
Mozambique+ 2
Myanmar (formerly Burma)+ 6½
Namibia+ 1
Nauru- 12
Nepal+ 5½
Netherlands+ 1
New Zealand+ 12
Nicaragua- 6
Niger+ 1
Nigeria+ 1
Norway+ 1
Oman+ 4
Pakistan+ 5
Panama- 5
Papua New Guinea+ 10
Paraguay- 4*
Peru- 5*
Philippines+ 8
Poland+ 1
PortugalGMT
Puerto Rico- 4
Qatar+ 3
Romania+ 2
Rwanda+ 2
St HelenaGMT
St Lucia- 4
San Marino+ 1
Saudi Arabia+ 3
Sierra LeoneGMT
Singapore+ 8
Slovakia+ 1
Solomon Islands+ 11
Somalia+ 3
South Africa+ 2
Spain+ 1*
Sri Lanka+ 5½
Sudan+ 2
Suriname- 3½
Swaziland+ 2
Sweden+ 1
Switzerland+ 1
Syria+ 2*
Tanzania+ 3
Thailand+ 7
TogoGMT
Tonga+ 13
Trinidad and Tobago- 4
Turkey+ 3*
Tuvalu+ 12
Uganda+ 3
United Arab Emirates+ 4
United KingdomGMT
United States of America
• Eastern
• Central
• Mountain
• Pacific
• Alaska–East
• Alaska–West
• Hawaii

- 5*
- 6*
- 7*
- 8*
- 8*
- 11*
- 10*
Uruguay- 3
Vanuatu+ 11*
Vatican City+ 1*
Venezuela- 4
Vietnam+ 7
Yugoslavia+ 1
Zambia+ 2
Zimbabwe+ 2

Time Zones

Time Zones



Local Time
Parallels of longitude determine the time at a place. Local time is 12 noon when the sun is exactly overhead. Local time varies, from Greenwich time (London) at the rate of four minutes/degree of longitude. The time of a place depends on whether it lies east or
west of Greenwich. As the earth rotates from west to east, the places that lie to the east of Greenwich are the first to receive sunlight. The earth rotates through 360° in 24 h or15° in1hor 1° in 4 min. Therefore the local time varies at the rate of 4 min/degree of longitude from the Greenwich time.

For example, Kolkata is approximately 90° east of Greenwich. So, Kolkata will be (90° x4)
or 6 h ahead of the time in London.
 
Standard Time:
Standard Time is the uniform time fixed by each country. As the local time is found to vary constantly from one plain to another, there is an arrangement by which all places in a certain region agree to use the same time. It is the uniform time fixed in relation to the mean time of a certain meridian which passes through it.

For this purpose, the earth is divided into 24 longitudinal zones, each, being 15° or 1 h apart in time. The zero is at Greenwich (London) which gives us the Greenwich Mean Time {GMT). The 12th zone is divided by the 180th meridian, the International Date Line.

The zones to the east of this line are numbered from 1-12 with the prefix minus (-) indicating the number of hours to be subtracted to obtain the Greenwich Time. The zones to the west are also numbered 1-12 with the prefix plus (+) which means the number of hours that must be added to get the Greenwich Time.
 
Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)
Greenwich Mean Time is the UK standard time. It is based on the local time of the meridian passing through Greenwich near London.

International Date Line
The 180° east meridian and 180" west meridian are one and the same line, running over the Pacific Ocean, deviating at Fiji, Samoa, and Gilbert Islands. The International Date Line roughly corresponds to 180° east or west , meridians of longitude, which fall  on the opposite side of the Greenwich meridian. When one crosses the date line from east to west, date is to be advanced by one day.

Similarly, when one crosses the date line from west to east, the date is to be set back by one day.

Highest Mountain Peaks of the World

Highest Mountain Peaks of the World



Mountain peakRangeLocationHeight
ft.m
Everest1HimalayasNepal/Tibet29,0358,850
K2 (Godwin Austen)KarakoramPakistan/China28,2508,611
KanchenjungaHimalayasIndia/Nepal28,1698,586
Lhotse IHimalayasNepal/Tibet27,9408,516
Makalu IHimalayasNepal/Tibet27,7668,463
Cho OyuHimalayasNepal/Tibet26,9068,201
DhaulagiriHimalayasNepal26,7958,167
Manaslu IHimalayasNepal26,7818,163
Nanga ParbatHimalayasPakistan26,6608,125
AnnapurnaHimalayasNepal26,5458,091
Gasherbrum IKarakoramPakistan/China26,4708,068
Broad PeakKarakoramPakistan/China26,4008,047
Gasherbrum IIKarakoramPakistan/China26,3608,035
Shishma Pangma (Gosainthan)HimalayasTibet26,2898,013
Annapurna IIHimalayasNepal26,0417,937
Gyachung KangHimalayasNepal25,9107,897
Disteghil SarKarakoramPakistan25,8587,882
HimalchuliHimalayasNepal25,8017,864
NuptseHimalayasNepal25,7267,841
Nanda DeviHimalayasIndia25,6637,824
MasherbrumKarakoramKashmir225,6607,821
RakaposhiKarakoramPakistan25,5517,788
Kanjut SarKarakoramPakistan25,4617,761
KametHimalayasIndia/Tibet25,4467,756
Namcha BarwaHimalayasTibet25,4457,756
Gurla MandhataHimalayasTibet25,3557,728
Ulugh MuztaghKunlunTibet25,3407,723
KungurMuztagh AtaChina25,3257,719
Tirich MirHindu KushPakistan25,2307,690
Saser KangriKarakoramIndia25,1727,672
Makalu IIHimalayasNepal25,1207,657
Minya Konka (Gongga Shan)Daxue ShanChina24,9007,590
Kula KangriHimalayasBhutan24,7837,554
Chang-tzuHimalayasTibet24,7807,553
Muztagh AtaMuztagh AtaChina24,7577,546
Skyang
Kangri
HimalayasKashmir24,7507,544
Ismail Samani Peak
 (formerly Communism Peak)
PamirsTajikistan24,5907,495
Jongsong PeakHimalayasNepal24,4727,459
Pobeda PeakTien ShanKyrgyzstan24,4067,439
Sia KangriHimalayasKashmir24,3507,422
Haramosh PeakKarakoramPakistan24,2707,397
Istoro NalHindu KushPakistan24,2407,388
Tent PeakHimalayasNepal24,1657,365
Chomo LhariHimalayasTibet/Bhutan24,0407,327
ChamlangHimalayasNepal24,0127,319
KabruHimalayasNepal24,0027,316
Alung GangriHimalayasTibet24,0007,315
Baltoro KangriHimalayasKashmir23,9907,312
Muztagh Ata (K-5)KunlunChina23,8907,282
ManaHimalayasIndia23,8607,273
BaruntseHimalayasNepal23,6887,220
Nepal PeakHimalayasNepal23,5007,163
Amne MachinKunlunChina23,4907,160
Gauri SankarHimalayasNepal/Tibet23,4407,145
BadrinathHimalayasIndia23,4207,138
NunkunHimalayasKashmir23,4107,135
Lenin PeakPamirsTajikistan/Kyrgyzstan23,4057,134
PyramidHimalayasNepal23,4007,132
ApiHimalayasNepal23,3997,132
PauhunriHimalayasIndia/China23,3857,128
TrisulHimalayasIndia23,3607,120
Korzhenevski PeakPamirsTajikistan23,3107,105
KangtoHimalayasTibet23,2607,090
NyainqentanglhaNyainqentanglha ShanChina23,2557,088
TrisuliHimalayasIndia23,2107,074
DunagiriHimalayasIndia23,1847,066
Revolution PeakPamirsTajikistan22,8806,974
AconcaguaAndesArgentina22,8346,960
Ojos del SaladoAndesArgentina/Chile22,6646,908
BoneteAndesArgentina/Chile22,5466,872
Ama DablamHimalayasNepal22,4946,856
TupungatoAndesArgentina/Chile22,3106,800
Moscow PeakPamirsTajikistan22,2606,785
PissisAndesArgentina22,2416,779
MercedarioAndesArgentina/Chile22,2116,770
HuascaránAndesPeru22,2056,768
LlullaillacoAndesArgentina/Chile22,0576,723
El LibertadorAndesArgentina22,0476,720
CachiAndesArgentina22,0476,720
KailasHimalayasTibet22,0276,714
IncahuasiAndesArgentina/Chile21,7206,620
YerupajaAndesPeru21,7096,617
KurumdaPamirsTajikistan21,6866,610
GalanAndesArgentina21,6546,600
El MuertoAndesArgentina/Chile21,4636,542
SajamaAndesBolivia21,3916,520
NacimientoAndesArgentina21,3026,493
IllampuAndesBolivia21,2766,485
IllimaniAndesBolivia21,2016,462
CoropunaAndesPeru21,0836,426
LaudoAndesArgentina20,9976,400
AncohumaAndesBolivia20,9586,388
CuzcoAndesPeru20,9456,384
 (Ausangate)   
ToroAndesArgentina/Chile20,9326,380
Tres CrucesAndesArgentina/Chile20,8536,356
HuandoyAndesPeru20,8526,356
ParinacotaAndesBolivia/Chile20,7686,330
TortolasAndesArgentina/Chile20,7456,323
ChimborazoAndesEcuador20,7026,310
AmpatoAndesPeru20,7026,310
El CondorAndesArgentina20,6696,300
SalcantayAndesPeru20,5746,271
HuancarhuasAndesPeru20,5316,258
FamatinaAndesArgentina20,5056,250
PumasilloAndesPeru20,4926,246
SoloAndesArgentina20,4926,246
PollerasAndesArgentina20,4566,235
PularAndesChile20,4236,225
ChañiAndesArgentina20,3416,200
McKinley (Denali)AlaskaAlaska20,3206,194
AucanquilchaAndesChile20,2956,186
JuncalAndesArgentina/Chile20,2766,180
NegroAndesArgentina20,1846,152
QuelaAndesArgentina20,1286,135
CondoririAndesBolivia20,0956,125
PalermoAndesArgentina20,0796,120
SolimanaAndesPeru20,0686,117
San JuanAndesArgentina/Chile20,0496,111
Sierra NevadaAndesArgentina20,0236,103
AntofallaAndesArgentina20,0136,100
MarmolejoAndesArgentina/Chile20,0136,100
1. The 1954 elevation of Everest, 29,028 ft. (8,848 m) was revised on Nov. 11, 1999, and now stands at 29,035 ft. (8,850 m).
2. Kashmir is divided between India, Pakistan, and China, and the three countries dispute the boundaries.
Source:
 National Geographic Society.

Highest Waterfalls of the World

Highest Waterfalls of the World



Name(s) (foreign)LocationSource/RiverHeight
ft.m
Angel (Salto Angel)Canaima Nat'l Park, Venezuelaupper trib. of Rio Caroni3,212979
TugelaNatal Nat'l Park, South AfricaTugela River3,110947
Utigord (Utigordsfoss)Norwayglacier fed2,625800
Monge (Mongefoss)Marstein, NorwayMongebeck2,540774
Gocta CataractsChachapoyas, Peru 2,532771
Mutarazi (Mtarazi)Nyanga Nat'l Park, ZimbabweMutarazi River2,499762
YosemiteYosemite Nat'l Park,
 California, U.S.
Yosemite Creek2,425739
Espelands (Espelandsfoss)Hardanger Fjord, NorwayOpo River2,3077031
Lower Mar Valley
(Østra Mardolafoss)
Eikesdal, NorwayMardals Stream2,1516552
TyssestrengeneOdda, NorwayTyssa River2,1236472
Cuquenan (Salto Kukenan)Kukenan Tepuy, VenezuelaCuquenan River2,000610
SentinelYosemite Nat'l Park, California, U.S.Sentinel Creek2,000610
DudhsagarGoa/Karnataka, IndiaKhandepar River1,969600
SutherlandMilford Sound, New ZealandArthur River1,904580
Kjell (Kjellfossen)Gudvanger, NorwayGudvangen Glacier1,841561
KahiwaMolokai, Hawaii, U.S.Unknown1,750533
TakkakawYoho Nat'l Park, B.C., CanadaTakkakaw Creek1,650503
RibbonYosemite Nat'l Park, California, U.S.Ribbon Stream1,612491
King George VIGuyanaCourantyne River1,600488
Upper Mar Valley (Mardalsfossen)nr. Eikesdal, NorwayMardals Stream1,536468
Kaliuwaa (Sacred)Pahu, Hawaii, U.S.Kalanui Stream1,520463
DellaStrathcona Provincial Park,
 B.C., Canada
Della Lake1,444440
Gavarnienr. Lourdes, FranceGave de Pau1,384422
Cachoeira da Fumaça
(Glass or Smoke)
Chapada Diamantia Nat'l Park,
 Brazil
1,378420
GiessbachBern, SwitzerlandGiessbach River1,312400
KrimmlerHohe Tauern Nat'l Park, AustriaKrimmler Ache1,250381
Vettis (Vettisfoss)Jotunheimen, NorwayUtla (Trib. Mörkedola)1,215370
PapalauaMolokai, Hawaii, U.S.Kawai Nui Stream1,200366
Tin MineKosciusko Nat'l Park, AustraliaTin Mine Creek1,182360
Silver Strand (Widows' Tears)Yosemite Nat'l Park, California, U.S.Silver Strand Creek1,170357
HonokohauMaui, Hawaii, U.S.Honokohau Stream1,120341
Wallamannr. Ingham, AustraliaWallaman Creek1,001305
Spray Stream (Staubbachfalle)Lauterburnnental, SwitzerlandStaubbach Brook984300
King Edward VIIIGuyanaCourantyne850259
Gersoppa (Jog)Western Ghats, IndiaSharavati830253
HunlenBritish Columbia, CanadaAtnarko River830253
Basaseachic (Salto Basaseachic)Barance del Cobre, MexicoPiedra Volada Creek812246
WaipioKauai, Hawaii, U.S.Kekee Stream800244
KaieteurGuyanaPotaro
 (trib. Rio Essequibo)
740225
KalamboTanzania/ZambiaKalambo River726221
Wollomombinr. Armidale, AustraliaWollomombi722220
FeigumLusterfjord, NorwayFeigumelvi715218
1. Unofficial (estimated) height. Subject to revision.
2. Incorporated in hydroelectric scheme. Greatly diminished flow.
Sources: Merriam Webster's Geographical Dictionary, Third Edition (1997); www.britannica.com; www.waterfallsnorthwest.com; www.americanparknetwork.com; www.ga.gov.au/education/facts/landforms/waterfal.htm/; www.atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/learningresources/facts/waterfalls.html; The State of Hawaii Data Book 2001; John Steven Lasher, Fifth Continent Australia Pty Ltd.